Abstract—Analog circuits incorporate voltage and current
reference extensively. Such references are dc quantities that
exhibit little dependence on supply and process parameters
and a well-defined dependence on the temperature. In systems
such as A/D and D/A converters and so on, a reference is
required to define the input and output full-scale range. In this
paper, the analysis and layout design of reference generator in
CMOS technology are deal with, being focused on
well-establishing “bandgap” technique. First,
supply-independent biasing is studied. Next,
temperature-independent references are described and issues
such as the effect voltage are examined. Third, bandgap
reference layouts are designed and the results are given.
Finally, an example of state-of-the-art bandgap references are
studied.
Index Terms—Bandgap, layout, supply-independence,
temperature-independence, mismatch, matching.
The author is with School of Mechanical and Electronics Shanghai
Jianqiao University Shanghai P.R. China (e-mail: jshi@gench.edu.cn).
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Cite: Bandgap Reference Layout Analysis and Design, " Shi Jun," International Journal of Information and Electronics Engineering vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2019.